The Nature of Culture by Thomas R. DeGregori — Summary, Key Ideas & Quotes

DeGregori argues that the romanticization of 'natural' living is both historically inaccurate and potentially harmful. He traces how the concept of 'nature' has been idealized, often ignoring the harsh realities of pre-industrial life, such as disease, famine, and environmental degradation caused by traditional practices. The book suggests that many so-called natural lifestyles were neither sustainable nor inherently healthy, and that progress—especially technological and scientific—has vastly improved human well-being and environmental stewardship.

Rather than viewing culture as a passive backdrop, DeGregori positions it as an active force that shapes how societies interact with their environment. He examines historical examples where cultural beliefs and practices led to significant ecological impacts, both positive and negative. This perspective challenges the notion that 'traditional' cultures were always in harmony with nature, and instead highlights the complex, sometimes destructive, role that human culture has played in shaping the planet.