Chapter 7

The other two clung to the yard for some hours. At length (App. § 14) the young noble said faintly: “I am exhausted, and benumbed with cold, and can hold no longer. Farewell, good friend. God preserve (App. § 34) you!”

So he dropped and sank, and of all the brilliant crowd, the poor butcher of Rouen alone was saved. In the morning, some fishermen saw him floating in his sheep-skin coat, and got him into their boat,—the sole relater of the dismal tale.

For three days no one dared to carry the intelligence to the king; at length they sent into his presence a little boy, who, weeping bitterly, and kneeling at his feet, told him that the White Ship was lost, with all on board.

The king fell to the ground like a dead man, and never afterwards was seen to smile.—C. DICKENS, A CHILD’S HISTORY OF ENGLAND.

to cling to the yard, +sich an eine Segelstange an´klammern+; for some hours, +einige Stunden lang+, for three days, +drei Tage lang+.

+kraftlos.+

+vor Kälte erstarrt.+

‘to hold,’ here +sich halten+.

Say ‘Upon this (Hereupon) he fell into the water and sank to the bottom (+in die Tiefe hinab´sinken+)’.

crowd = company.

In the morning, +am Morgen+.

sheep-skin coat, +Schafpelz+, m.

+nehmen+; the appositional clause ‘the sole relater (+Überbringer+) of the dismal (+traurig+) tale (+Kunde+)’ must be placed immediately after the pronoun ‘him’, to which it belongs; and mark that: =The apposition must always agree in number, gender, and case with the noun or pronoun to which it belongs.=

to carry an intelligence to a person, +Einem eine Botschaft verkünden+. See App. § 5.

+man+; into his presence = to (+zu+) him, which place after ‘boy’.

=The Present Participle may be used adverbially, as in English, to denote manner or state.= Say ‘who told him kneeling and weeping bitterly, that’, etc.

was — board, +mit Mann und Maus gesunken sei+.

like — man = as if dead (+wie tot+), which place after ‘fell.’

Say ‘and never has one seen him smile again’.

Section 54.

BARLEY (S. 3, N. 2).

Barley is (S. 2, N. 1) now principally used to make malt for brewing beer and distilling spirits. It serves, however, as food in the form of pearl barley, used for thickening soups. It is also used as food for poultry. Barley meal is used for fattening pigs and turkeys. Barley straw furnishes us fodder for cattle and horses. Barley is chiefly produced in the northern regions of Europe, in Central Asia, and in North America. It is much hardier than wheat, resists both heat and drought better, and may therefore be raised from poorer soils. It is said to be the most ancient food of (S. 3, N. 2) man.—NELSON’S READERS.

+bereiten+, see S. 19, N. 7.

for — spirits, +zur Bierbrauerei und Branntweinbrennerei+, after which supply +daraus+.

+indessen+.

+Nahrungsmittel+, n.

Say ‘which one uses for thickening soups’, +zur Verdickung der Suppen+.

+benutzen+ and +gebrauchen+, which use alternately; as — poultry, +als Hühnerfutter+.

Say ‘With barley meal one fattens (+mästen+) pigs and turkeys (+türkische Hühner+)’.

+Vieh- und Pferdefutter+.

+gebaut+. Where must the p. p. be placed here?

+kräftig+.

‘to resist’ here = to bear, +vertragen+. Use the def. art. before the first noun.

Say ‘and can therefore be cultivated (+an´bauen+) upon poorer soil’. Supply the adverb +auch+ after ‘therefore’.

It is said to be, +sie soll ... sein+. =The verb +sollen+ is frequently used to express an assertion of another person, when it answers to the English ‘it is said’, ‘it is reported’, ‘they say’.=

Section 55.

THE SOLDIER AND HIS FLAG (+Fahne+).

On seeing a young Prussian soldier who was pressing his flag to his bosom in the agonies of death, Napoleon said to his officers: “Gentlemen, you see that a soldier has for his flag a sentiment almost approaching idolatry. Render funeral honours at once to this young man. I regret that I do not know his name, that I might write to his family. Do not take away his flag; its silken folds will be an honourable shroud for him.”—GENERAL BOURRIENNE.

When =the Present Participle= is used =in adverbial clauses of time=, it must generally, by the help of one of the conjunctions +als+ (when), +nachdem+ (after), +indem+ (while, whilst), and +während+ (while, whilst), be changed into a finite verb, i.e. one with a personal termination; thus—

Hearing his opponent speak in this way, his features assumed an expression of contempt.

+~Als~ er seinen Gegner so sprechen ~hörte~, nahmen seine Züge den Ausdruck der Verachtung an.+

Having given his orders, the officer rode quickly away.

+~Nachdem er~ seine Befehle erteilt ~hatte~, ritt der Offizier schnell von dannen.+

Looking at me in a suppliant manner, a tear glittered in her eye.

+~Indem sie~ mich bittend ~ansah~, glänzte eine Thräne in ihrem Auge.+

I saw it when passing the house this morning.

+Ich sah es, ~als ich~ heute Morgen beim Hause ~vorüberging~.+

Consequently, the above passage must be rendered thus: ‘When Napoleon saw (+bemerken+) a young Prussian soldier who was pressing his flag to (+an+) his (S. 43, N. 9, A) bosom (+Herz+) in the agonies of death (+im Todeskampfe+, which place after ‘flag’), he said to his officers’: etc.

Say ‘You see, gentlemen’.

‘to approach’ here = to border (+an etwas grenzen+). For the construction see S. 16, N. 4.

Say ‘Bury this young man (+Jüngling+) without delay with military honours’.

that — write, +um ... schreiben zu können+. He writes to me once a month, +Er schreibt einmal monatlich ~an~ mich+.

Supply the pronoun +ihm+ (from him) after the Imperative.

+Leichentuch+, n.; ‘for him’ must be rendered by the dat. of the pers. pron., which place after the copula ‘will’.

+Der General Bourrienne war Privatsekretär und späterer Biograph Napoleons des Ersten.+

Section 56.

OUR CULTIVATED NATIVE PLANTS.

Most of the fruits which grow on trees, such as our apples and pears, have been greatly improved and raised above their natural state by grafting and other artificial means.

Of cultivated native plants, the chief are celery, parsley, the cabbage, turnip, carrot, parsnips, and the hop. The onion is a native of South France, the lettuce of Greece, the radish of China, and the rhubarb, now so largely used in pies and puddings, of Russia. Cress comes from Persia, spinach from some part of Asia, and the Jerusalem artichoke from Brazil.—HEWITT, PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ENGLAND AND WALES.

+veredelt.+

+einheimisch.+

The clause ‘Most — trees’ may be briefly rendered by ‘+Die meisten Baumfrüchte+’.

Here follows the adverbial clause ‘by grafting — means’.

+bedeutend.+

‘raised — state’ may be elegantly rendered by the p. p. ‘cultivated’ (+veredelt+).

Say ‘The principal cultivated native plants are’, etc.

See S. 3, N. 2. I should recommend to repeat the art. before each of the following six nouns.

is a native of, +stammt ~aus~+.

‘Now — puddings’. This elliptic clause must be completed in German. Say ‘which is now so largely (much) used in pies (+Pasteten+) and puddings’.

+aus+.

‘some’, here +irgend ein+.

+Erdartischocke+, f.

Section 57.

THE BEQUEST.