Part 11

Heath, its distinguishing characteristics, 123.

Hemiptera, bugs with sucking beaks, 81.

Herbert: —A follower of Sprengel, 108; recognizing the principle of cross-fertilization, 115.

"Honey-dew Picnic": —Gathering of the clans, 153; a selected spot, 154; a motley assemblage, 155; an outlaw, 157; a finish fight, 158; funeral baked meats, 164; gathering his grist; the founder of the feast, 158.

Honey-guides, 112, 129.

Hornets: —Its heavy load, 9; on the watch, 15; "solitary," 17; queer home of, 18; great sand, 77; black paper, 161.

Horse-balm (Collinsonia), its singular shape, 136; manner of bee's approach to, 138.

Huber: —On insect slavery, 151; on the cultivation of the aphides, 166.

Insect Fertilization, 115.

Jack-in-the-Pulpit, detaining its guests, 119.

Jardine, Sir William, concerning cuckoo's eggs, 32.

Jenner, Dr., habits of the young cuckoo, 35.

Knight, Andrew: —On the divination of flowers, 108; theory of cross-fertilization, 115.

Koehlreuter: —Recognizing Sprengel's principles, 108; a botanical pioneer, 115.

Krunitz, on flower honey, 111.

Labiates, flowers with lips, 122.

Ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes), 218.

Larva: —Hornet, 16; "puss-moth," 76; psychid, 83.

Linnaeus: —Settling the theory of fertilization, 110; puzzled as to the function of honey, 111; a second step, 116; imperfect knowledge of the orchid, 173.

Logan, concerning the cuckoo, 23.

Lubbock: —On the divination of flowers, 108; follower of Darwin, 116; on the cultivation of aphides, 166.

Martial Spirit of Vespa, 19.

Membracis binotata, insect with a sharp beak, a tree-hopper, 91.

Milkweed: —Its matchless hospitality; purple pompons; its five horns, 227; its one mission; the humming-bird its friend, 228; complex mechanism; enticing fragrance; removal of pollen on insects' legs, 229; four captives, 230; its honey trap; its tenacious grip, 233; an assortment of victims; cumbersome handicap, 234; a wholesale destroyer, 235.

Mint family, 122.

Mnio-tiltidae, summer yellow-bird, 47.

Moccasin-flower (Cypripedium acaule), 205.

Moths: —Twilight; sphinx, 118, 190, 220; grape-vine, 160.

Mountain laurel: —Showers of pollen of; curious construction of flower of; withers if brought indoors, 124; character of the pollen, 125.

Mouse, motley collection of food of; mischief of, 7.

Mueller, Hermann: —On the divination of flowers, 108; on defective observation, 114; the relations between the flower and insect, 116; on fertilization, 142

Nature's Equilibrium, 39.

Natural observation, 57.

Nomadic blossoms, 83.

Orchids: —Dependence on insects, 144; strange mechanical adaptation; sweet-pogonia; perfume suggesting raspberries, 145; intention of the blossom, 146; adaptation for insects, 147; its fragrance a perfumed whisper of welcome, 148; a contrast, 172; form of invitation, 173; insect complement, 174; Arethusa bulbosa, 175; theories concerning the conveyance of the pollen, 176; the most highly specialized form of flowers, 180; distinguished by its structure; American varieties not air-plants; form of flower, 181; elasticity of the pollen of the Spectabilis, 182; self-fertilizing, 183; American and exotic species, 184; Arethusa's fragrance, 185; its structure, 186; significant depth of nectar wells; conditions demanded of insects, 187; Gray's surmise, 188; sphinx-moth its only complement, 190; manner of carrying the pollen by sphinx-moth, 193; extracting the pollen with a pencil; length of the nectary, 196; purple-fringed, 198; ragged, 200; very exceptional provision, 201; yellow-spiked, 203; moccasin-flower; ladies'-slipper; Venus's-slipper; the color of, 205; distinctive character of, 206; practical experiment, 209; imprisonment of the bee; manner of its release, 210; rattlesnake-plantain, 213; Angraecum, its long nectary, 219; tongue of a sphinx-moth eleven inches long, 220; nectary thirteen inches long, 223.

"Origin of Species": —First important presentation of the theory of cross-fertilization, 105; tardy appreciation of the work, 115.

Odynerus flavipes, wren-wasp, 10.

Ovid, concerning hornets, 18.

Parallels in Nature, 152.

Platanthera, orchid group, 192.

Pliny, 23.

Pogonia ophioglossoides, sweet-pogonia, 145.

Polistes, brown wasp, 161.

Primrose, evening, 118.

Psychid: —A sack-bearer; drags its house with it; feeds on seed-pods, 83; winter quarters of silk, 84.

Queer Little Family: —Tree-hopper (Membracis binotata); a singular entertainment; graceful curves, 87; a branch in masquerade; queer thorns, 88; a sudden disappearance; animated thorns; like a covey of quails, 89; like "Bob White," 90; singular agility; queer anatomy; always ready for flight, 91; fondness for locust and oak-trees, simulating the color and character of the branches, 92; manner of sitting on the branches, 93; always headed towards the top; tiny tufts of cotton, 94; color and size of the tufts; a mere frothy shell; a riddle, 95; its relations, 96; an investigation, 97; its technique, 98; aerated cement; froth-house builder, 99; period of hatching, 100; a house for the winter; not a wanderer, 101.

Ragged Orchid (H. lacera), 200.

"Rattlesnake-plantain," 213.

Rudbeckia hirta, cone-flower, 138.

Sage (Salvia officinalis), strange curved stamen, 119; nature's arrangement, 112.

Salvia, its welcome to the bee, 117.

Self-fertilization, 141.

Sheep-spit, 80.

Showy orchid (H. orbicularis),194.

Snorting war-horse, 18.

Solitude, the pleasures of, 3.

"Solomon's ant," 152.

Spectabilis, orchid, 182; its favorite haunt, 195.

Spiders, agalena, epeira, argiope, 8; a two years' span, 7; a silken vortex; miscellaneous food, 8.

Spiranthes, "Lady's-tresses," 218.

Sprengel, Christian Conrad: —Inspiration from the wild geranium, 108; on the mystery of color, 112; theory of fertilization; a poser to Linnaeus, 113; his wrong theory, 114; divining half the truth, 176; assumption disproved, 178.

Spume-bearer (Aprophora), its domicile of suds; wonderful power of jumping, 82.

Starling, dispossessing woodpecker from nest, 43.

Studio Company: —"Tumultuous privacy"; contested territory; snickering squirrels, 4; selected food; unsymmetrical carpentry; drone of bees; carol of birds; flurry of swifts; accompaniments to my toil, 5; wild fox; pet chipmonk; pet toad; his lightning tongue; home in a bowl, 6; an old friend, 9.

Summer yellow-bird (Mnio-tiltidae), 47.

Sweet-pogonia (P. ophioglossoides), 145.

Swift, Jonathan, on parasites, 44.

Tennyson, quoted, 24.

"The Secrets of Nature in Forms and Fertilization of Flowers Discovered," Sprengel's work, 113.

Thevenot, concerning the thrift of insects, 152.

Tiger-beetle (Cicindela), 68.

Toads, 6.

Toad-spit, 80.

Tree-hopper, 93.

Venus's-slipper (Cypripedium acaule), 205.

Vireo, abandons its nest, 45.

Wasps: —Wren, 10; microscopic, 45; tiny black, 69; digger, 72, 162; orange-spotted, 79; brown; mud, 161.

"Waxwork" bittersweet (Celastrus scandens), 88.

Welcome of the flowers: —The function of the stamen, 106; difference in cells, 107; condition of the flower, 108; physiological features; recognition of sex in flowers, 109; exchange of courtesies; each flower a law unto itself, 117; action of "jack-in-the-pulpit"; cypripedium and aristolochias; peculiarity of the sage, 119; queer stamens; nature's arrangement, 121; cross-fertilization insured, 122; showers of laurel pollen; curious construction of flower, 124; singular greeting to the bee, 126; remarkable interior arrangement of the Andromeda, 128; hidden anthers of the blue-flag, 129; intercommunication and reciprocity, 135.

Wild geranium (G. sylvaticum), 112.

Wild volapuek, 4.

Wilson, cow-bird's eggs, 33.

Wind as a fertilizing agent, 154.

White, Gilbert, cuckoo's eggs, 32; rich localities, 58.

Wood, Alphonso: —On tubercles, 203; on embarrassed bees, 235.

Woodchucks, 5.

Wren-wasp (Odynerus flavipes): —A cumbersome prize, 10; selecting a home; way stations; a second instalment, 11; very familiar, 12; a well-stocked home, 13; impotent anaesthetic, 14; manner of catching her prey; a hypodermic injection, 15; food on storage; closing the cell after depositing egg, 16; living food; preference for ready-made houses; resemblance to the yellow-jacket, 17.

Zenarchus, concerning the cicada, 96.

THE END

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