36. Man, thou hast been a citizen in this great state the world;A

what difference does it make to thee whether for five years [or three]? for that which is conformable to the laws is just for all. Where is the hardship then, if no tyrant nor yet an unjust judge sends thee away from the state, but nature, who brought thee into it? the same as if a praetor who has employed an actor dismisses him from the stage.[B]—"But I have not finished the five acts, but only three of them."—Thou sayest well, but in life the three acts are the whole drama; for what shall be a complete drama is determined by him who was once the cause of its composition, and now of its dissolution: but thou art the cause of neither. Depart then satisfied, for he also who releases thee is satisfied.

[A] ii. 16; iii. 11; iv. 29.

[B] iii. 8; xi. 1.

INDEXES.

INDEX OF TERMS.

[Greek: adiaphora] (indifferentia, Cicero, Seneca, Epp. 82); things indifferent, neither good nor bad; the same as [Greek: mesa].

[Greek: aischros] (turpis, Cic.), ugly; morally ugly.

[Greek: aitia], cause.

[Greek: aitiôdes], [Greek: aition], [Greek: to], the formal or formative principle, the cause.

[Greek: akoinônêtos], unsocial.

[Greek: anaphora], reference, relation to a purpose.

[Greek: anypexairetôs], unconditionally.

[Greek: aporroia], efflux.

[Greek: aproaireta], [Greek: ta], the things which are not in our will or power.

[Greek: archê], a first principle.

[Greek: atomoi] (corpora individua, Cic.), atoms.

[Greek: autarkeia] est quae parvo contenta omne id respuit quod abundat (Cic.); contentment.

[Greek: autarkes], sufficient in itself; contented.

[Greek: aphormai], means, principles. The word has also other significations in Epictetus. Index ed. Schweig.

[Greek: gignomena], [Greek: ta], things which are produced, come into existence.

[Greek: daimôn], god, god in man, man's intelligent principle.

[Greek: diathesis], disposition, affection of the mind.

[Greek: diairesis], division of things into their parts, dissection, resolution, analysis.

[Greek: dialektikê], ars bene disserendi et vera ac falsa dijudicandi (Cic.).

[Greek: dialysis], dissolution, the opposite of [Greek: sygkrisis].

[Greek: dianoia], understanding; sometimes, the mind generally, the whole intellectual power.

[Greek: dogmata] (decreta, Cic.), principles.

[Greek: dynamis noera], intellectual faculty.

[Greek: enkrateia], temperance, self-restraint.

[Greek: eidos] in divisione formae sunt, quas Graeci [Greek: eidê] vocant; nostri, si qui haec forte tractant, species appellant (Cic.). But [Greek: eidos] is used by Epictetus and Antoninus less exactly and as a general term, like genus. Index Epict. ed. Schweig.—[Greek: Hôs de ge ahi prôtai ousiai pros ta alla echousin, outô kai to eidos pros to genos echei hypokeitai gar to eidos tô genei]. (Aristot. Cat. c. 5.)

[Greek: eimarmenê] (fatalis necessitas, fatum, Cic.), destiny, necessity.

[Greek: ekkliseis], aversions, avoidance, the turning away from things; the opposite of [Greek: orexeiz.]

[Greek: empsycha, ta] things which have life.

[Greek: energeia], action, activity.

[Greek: ennoia], [Greek: ennoiai], notio, notiones (Cic.), or "notitiae rerum;" notions of things. (Notionem appello quam Graeci tum [Greek: ennoian], tum [Greek: prolêpsin], Cic.).

[Greek: enôsis], [Greek: ê], the unity.

[Greek: epistrophê], attention to an object.

[Greek: euthymia], animi tranquillitas (Cic.).

[Greek: eumenes], [Greek: to], [Greek: eumeneia], benevolence; [Greek: eumenês] sometimes means well-contented.

[Greek: eunoia], benevolence.

[Greek: exousia], power, faculty.

[Greek: epakolouthêsin], [Greek: kata], by way of sequence.

[Greek: hêgemonikon], [Greek: to], the ruling faculty or part; principatus (Cic.).

[Greek: theôrêmata], percepta (Cic.), things perceived, general principles.

[Greek: kathêkein], [Greek: to], duty, "officium."

[Greek: kalos], beautiful.

[Greek: katalêpsis], comprehension; cognitio, perceptio, comprehensio (Cic.).

[Greek: kataskeuê], constitution.

[Greek: katorthôseis, katorthômata]; recta, recte facta (Cic.); right acts, those acts to which we proceed by the right or straight road.

[Greek: kosmos], order, world, universe.

[Greek: kosmos, ho olos], the universe, that which is the One and the all (vi. 25).

[Greek: krima], a judgment.

[Greek: kyrieuon, to endon], that which rules within (iv. 1), the same as [Greek: to hêgemonikon]. Diogenes Laertius vii., Zeno. [Greek: hêgemonikon de einai to kyriôtaton tês psychês].

[Greek: logika, ta], the things which have reason.

[Greek: logikos], rational.

[Greek: logos], reason.

[Greek: logos spermatikos], seminal principle.

[Greek: mesa, ta], things indifferent, viewed with respect to virtue.

[Greek: noeros], intellectual.

[Greek: nomos], law.

[Greek: nous], intelligence, understanding.

[Greek: oiêsis], arrogance, pride. It sometimes means in Antoninus the same as [Greek: typhos]; but it also means "opinion."

[Greek: oikonomia] (dispositio, ordo, Cic.) has sometimes the peculiar sense of artifice, or doing something with an apparent purpose different from the real purpose.

[Greek: holon, to], the universe, the whole: [Greek: hê tôn olôn physis].

[Greek: onta, ta], things which exist; existence, being.

[Greek: orexis], desire of a thing, which is opposed to [Greek: ekklisis], aversion.

[Greek: hormê], movement towards an object, appetite; appetitio, naturalis appetitus, appetitus animi (Cic.).

[Greek: ousia], substance (vi. 49). Modern writers sometimes incorrectly translate it "essentia." It is often used by Epictetus in the same sense as [Greek: hylê]. Aristotle (Cat. c. 5) defines [Greek: ousia], and it is properly translated "substantia" (ed. Jul. Pacius). Porphyrius (Isag. c. 2): [Greek: hê ousia anôtatô ousa tô mêden pro autês genos hên to genikôtaton].

[Greek: parakolouthêtikê dynamis, hê], the power which enables us to observe and understand.

[Greek: peisis], passivity, opposed to [Greek: energeia]: also, affect.

[Greek: peristaseis], circumstances, the things which surround us; troubles, difficulties.

[Greek: peprômenê, hê], destiny.

[Greek: proairesis], purpose, free will (Aristot. Rhet. i. 13).

[Greek: proaireta, ta], things which are within our will or power.

[Greek: proairetikon, to], free will.

[Greek: prothesis], a purpose, proposition.

[Greek: pronoia] (providentia, Cic.), providence.

[Greek: skopos], object, purpose.

[Greek: stoicheion], element.

[Greek: synkatathesis] (assensio, approbatio, Cic.), assent; [Greek: synkatatheseis] (probationes, Gellius, xix. 1).

[Greek: synkrimata], things compounded (ii. 3).

[Greek: synkrisis], the act of combining elements out of which a body is produced, combination.

[Greek: synthesis], ordering, arrangement (compositio).

[Greek: systêma], system, a thing compounded of parts which have a certain relation to one another.

[Greek: hylê], matter, material.

[Greek: hylikon, to], the material principle.

[Greek: hypexairesis], exception, reservation; [Greek: meth' hypexaireseôs], conditionally.

[Greek: hypothesis], material to work on; thing to employ the reason on; proposition, thing assumed as matter for argument and to lead to conclusions. (Quaestionum duo sunt genera; alterum infinitum, definitum alterum. Definitum est, quod [Greek: hypothesin] Graeci, nos causam: infinitum, quod [Greek: thesin] illi appellant, nos propositum possumus nominare. Cic. See Aristot. Anal. Post. i. c. 2).

[Greek: hypokeimena, ta], things present or existing, vi. 4; or things which are a basis or foundation.

[Greek: hypolêpsis], opinion.

[Greek: hypostasis], basis, substance, being, foundation (x. 5). Epictetus has [Greek: to hypostatikon kai ousiôdes]. (Justinus ad Diogn. c. 2.)

[Greek: hyphistasthai], to subsist, to be.

[Greek: phantasiai] (visus, Cic.); appearances, thoughts, impressions (visa animi, Gellius, xix. 1): [Greek: phantasia esti typôsis en psychê].

[Greek: phantasma], seems to be used by Antoninus in the same sense as [Greek: phantasia]. Epictetus uses only [Greek: phantasia].

[Greek: phantaston], that which produces a [Greek: phantasia: phantaston to tepsiêkos tên phantasian aisthêton]

[Greek: physis], nature.

[Greek: physis hê tôn olôn], the nature of the universe.

[Greek: psychê], soul, life, living principle.

[Greek: psychê logikê, noera], a rational soul, an intelligent soul

GENERAL INDEX.

The paragraphs (par.) and lines (l.) are those of the sections.

Active, man is by nature, ix. 16.

Advice from the good to be taken, vii. 21; viii. 16.

Affectation, vii. 60; viii. 30; xi. 18 (par. 9), 19.

Anger discouraged, vi. 26, 27; xi. 18.

Anger, offenses of, ii. 10.

Anger, uselessness of, v. 28; viii. 4.

Appearances not to be regarded, v. 36; vi. 3, 13.

Astonishment should not be felt at any thing that happens, viii. 15; xii. 1 (sub fine), 13.

Attainment, what is within every one's, vii. 67; viii. 8.

Attention to what is said or done, vi. 53; vii. 4, 30; viii. 22.

Bad, the, ii. 1.

Beautiful, the, ii. 1.

Casual. See Formal.

Change keeps the world ever new, vii. 25; viii. 50 (l. 13); xii. 23 (l. 10).

Change, law of, iv. 3 (sub f.), 36, v. 13, 23; vi. 4, 15, 36; vii. 18; viii. 6; ix. 19, 28 (par. 2), 35; x. 7, 18; xii. 21.

Change, no evil in, iv. 42.

Christians, the xi. 3.

Circle, things come round in a, ii. 14.

Comedy, new, xi. 6.

Comedy, Old, xi. 6.

Complaining, uselessness of, viii. 17, 50.

Connection. See Universe.

Conquerers are robbers, x. 10.

Contentment. See Resignation.

Co-operation. See Mankind and Universe.

Daemon, the, ii. 13, 17; iii. 6 (l. 8), 7, 16 (l. 18); v. 10 (sub f.) 27; xii. 3 (sub. f.).

Death, ii. 11, 12, 17; iii. 3, 7; iv. 5; v. 33; vi. 2, 24, 28; vii. 32; viii. 20, 58; ix. 3, 21; x. 36; xii. 23, 34, 35.

Death inevitable, iii. 3; iv. 3 (l. 22), 6, 32, 48, 50; v. 33; vi. 47; viii. 25, 31.

Desire, offenses of, ii. 10.

Destiny, iii. 11 (l. 19); iv. 26; v. 8 (l. 13, etc.), 24; vii. 57; x. 5.

Discontent. See Resignation.

Doubts discussed, vi. 10; vii. 75; ix. 28, 39; xii. 5, 14.

Duty, all-importance of, vi. 2, 22; x. 22.

Earth, insignificance of the, iii. 10; iv. 3 (par. 1, sub f.); vi. 36; viii. 21; xii. 32.

Earthly things, transitory nature of, ii. 12, 17; iv. 32, 33, 35, 48; v. 23; vi. 15, 36; vii. 21, 34; viii. 21, 25; x. 18, 31; xii. 27.

Earthly things, worthlessness of, ii. 12; v. 10, 33; vi. 15; vii. 3; ix. 24, 36; xi. 2; xii. 27.

Equanimity, x. 8.

Example, we should not follow bad, vi. 6; vii. 65.

Existence, meanness of, viii. 24.

Existence, the object of, v. 1; viii. 19.

External things cannot really harm a man, or affect the soul, ii, 11 (l. 22); iv. 3 (par. 2, sub f.); 8, 39, 49 (par. 2); v. 35; vii. 64; viii. 1 (sub f.); 32, 51 (par. 2); ix. 31; x. 33.

Failure, x. 12.

Fame, worthlessness of, iii. 10; iv. 3 (l. 45), 19, 33 (l. 10); v. 33; vi. 16, 18; vii. 34; viii. 1, 44; ix. 30.

Fear, what we ought to, xii. 1 (l. 18).

Fellowship. See Mankind.

Few things necessary for a virtuous and happy life, ii. 5; iii. 10; vii. 67; x. 8 (l. 22).

Flattery, xi. 18 (par. 10).

Formal, the, and the material, iv. 21 (par. 2); v. 13; vii. 10, 29; viii. 11; ix. 25; xii. 8, 10, 18.

Future, we should not be anxious about the, vii. 8; viii. 11; ix. 25; xii. 1.

Gods, perfect justice of the, xii. 5 (par. 2).

Gods, the, vi. 44; xii. 28.

Gods, the, cannot be evil, ii. 11; vi. 44.

Good, the, ii. 1.

Habit of thought, v. 16.

Happiness, what is true, v. 9 (sub f.), 34; viii. 1; x. 33.

Help to be accepted from others, xii. 7.

Heroism, true, xi. 18 (par. 10).

Ignorance. See Wrong-doing.

Independence. See Self-reliance.

Indifferent things, ii. 11 (sub f.); ix. 39; vi 32; ix, 1; (l. 30).

Individual, the. See Interests.

Infinity. See Time.

Ingratitude. See Mankind.

Injustice, ix. 1.

Intelligent soul, rational beings participate in the same, iv. 40; ix. 8, 9; x. 1 (l. 15); xii. 26, 30.

Interests of the whole and the individual identical, iv. 23; v. 8 (l. 34); vi. 45, 54; x. 6, 20, 33 (sub f.); xii. 23 (l. 12).

Justice, v. 34; x. 11; xi. 10.

Justice and reason identical, xi. 1 (sub f.).

Justice prevails everywhere, iv. 10.

Leisure, we ought to have some, viii. 51.

Life, a good, everywhere possible, v. 16.

Life can only be lived once, ii. 14; x. 31 (l. 11).

Life, shortness of, ii. 4, 17; iii. 10, 14; iv. 17, 48 (sub f.). 50; vi. 15, 36, 56; x. 31, 34.

Life to be made a proper use of, without delay, ii. 4; iii. 1, 14; iv. 17, 37; vii. 56; viii. 22; x. 31 (l. 14); xii. 1 (l. 18).

Life, whether long or short, matters not, vi. 49; ix. 33; xii. 36.

Magnanimity, x. 8.

Mankind, co-operation and fellowship of, one with another; ii. 1 (l. 11), 16; iii. 4 (sub f.); 11 (sub f.); iv. 4, 33 (sub f.); v. 16 (l. 11), 20; vi. 7, 14 (sub f.), 23, 39; vii. 5, 13, 22, 55; viii. 12, 26, 34, 43, 59; ix. 1, 9 (sub f.), 23, 31, 42 (sub. f.); x. 36, (l. 16); xi. 8, 21; xii. 20.

Mankind, folly and baseness of, v. 10 (l. 9); ix. 2, 3 (l. 13), 29; x. 15, 19.

Mankind, ingratitude of, x. 36.

Material, the. See Formal.

Nature, after products of, iii. 2; vi. 36.

Nature, bounds fixed by, v. 1.

Nature, man formed by, to bear all that happens to him, v. 18; viii. 46.

Nature, nothing evil, which is according to, ii. 17 (sub f.); vi. 33.

Nature of the universe. See Universe, nothing that happens is contrary to the nature of the.

Nature, perfect beauty of, iii. 2; vi. 36.

Nature, we should live according to, iv. 48 (sub. f.), 51; v. 3. 25; vi. 16 (l. 12); vii. 15, 55; viii. 1, 54; x. 33.

New, nothing, under the sun, ii. 14 (l. 11); iv. 44; vi. 37, 46; vii. 1, 49; viii. 6; ix. 14; x. 27; xi. 1.

Object, we should always act with a view to some, ii. 7, 16 (l. 12); iii. 4; iv. 2; viii. 17; x. 37; xi. 21; xii. 20.

Obsolete, all things become, iv. 33.

Omissions, sins of, ix. 5.

Opinion, iv. 3 (par. 2) (sub f.), 7, 12, 39; vi. 52, 57; vii. 2, 14, 16, 26, 68; viii. 14, 29, 40, 47, 49; ix. 13, 29 (l. 12), 32, 42 (l. 21); x. 3; xi. 16, 18; xii. 22, 25.

Others' conduct not to be inquired into, iii. 4; iv. 18; v. 25.

Others, opinion of, to be disregarded, viii. 1 (l. 12); x. 8 (l. 12), 11; xi. 13; xii. 4.

Others, we should be lenient towards, ii. 13 (sub f.); iii. 11 (sub f.); iv. 3 (l. 16); v. 33 (l. 17); vi. 20, 27; vii. 26, 62, 63, 70; ix. 11, 27; x. 4; xi. 9, 13, 18; xii. 16.

Others, we should examine the ruling principles of; iv. 38; ix. 18, 22, 27, 34.

Ourselves often to blame for expecting men to act contrary to their nature, ix. 42 (l. 31).

Ourselves, reformation should begin with, xi. 29.

Ourselves, we should judge, x. 30; xi. 18 (par. 4).

Pain, vii. 33, 64; viii. 28.

Perfection not to be expected in this world, ix. 29 (l. 7).

Perseverance, v. 9; x. 12.

Persuasion, to be used, vi. 50.

Perturbation, vi. 16 (sub f.); viii. 58; ix. 31.

Pessimism, ix. 35.

Philosophy, v. 9; vi. 12; ix. 41 (l. 15).

Pleasure, he who pursues, is guilty of impiety, ix. 1 (l. 24).

Pleasures are enjoyed by the bad, vi. 34; ix. 1 (l. 30).

Power, things in our own, v. 5, 10 (sub f.); vi. 32, 41, 52, 58; vii. 2, 14, 54, 68; x. 32, 33.

Power, things not in our own, v. 33 (sub f.); vi. 41.

Practice is good, even in things which we despair of accomplishing, xii. 6.

Praise, worthlessness of, iii. 4 (sub f.); iv. 20: vi. 16, 59; vii. 62; viii. 52, 53; ix. 34.

Prayer, the right sort of, v. 7; ix. 40.

Present time the only thing a man really possesses, ii. 14; iii. 10; viii. 44; xii. 3 (sub f.)

Procrastination, See Life to be made a proper use of, etc.

Puppet pulled by strings of desire, ii. 2; iii. 16; vi. 16, 28; vii. 3, 29; xii. 19.

Rational soul. See Ruling part.

Rational soul, spherical form of the, viii. 41 (sub f.); xi. 12; xii. 3 (and see Ruling part).

Reason, all-prevailing, v. 32; vi. 1, 40.

Reason and nature identical, vii. 11.

Reason the, can adapt everything that happens to its own use, v. 20; vi. 8; vii. 68 (l. 16); viii. 35; x. 31 (sub f.).

Reason, we should live according to. See Nature.

Repentance does not follow renouncement of pleasure, viii. 10.

Resignation and contentment, iii. 4 (l. 27, etc.), 16 (l. 10, etc.); iv. 23, 31, 33 (sub f.), 34; v. 8 (sub f.), 33 (l. 16); vi. 16 (sub f.), 44, 49; vii. 27, 57; ix. 37; x. 1, 11, 14, 25, 28, 35.

Revenge, best kind of, vi. 6.

Rising from bed, v. 1; viii. 11.

Ruling part, the, ii. 2; iv. 11, 19, 21, 26; vi. 14, 35; vii. 16, 55 (par. 2); viii. 45, 48, 56, 57, 60, 61; ix. 15, 26; x. 24, 33 (l. 21), 38; xi. 1, 19, 20; xii. 3, 14.

Self-reliance and steadfastness of soul, iii. 5 (sub f.), 12; iv. 14, 29 (l. 5), 49 (par. 1); v. 3, 34 (l. 5); vi. 44 (l. 15); vii. 12, 15; ix. 28 (l. 8), 29 (sub f.); xii. 14.

Self-restraint, v. 33 (sub f.).

Self, we should retire into, iv. 3 (l. 4 and par. 2); vii. 28, 33, 59; viii. 48.

Senses, movements of the, to be disregarded, v. 31 (l. 10); vii. 55 (par. 2); viii. 26, 39; x. 8 (l. 13); xi. 19; xii. 1 (l. 18).

Sickness, behavior in, ix. 41.

Social. See Mankind.

Steadfastness of soul. See Self-reliance.

Substance, the universal, iv. 40; v. 24; vii. 19, 23; xii. 30.

Suicide, v. 29; viii. 47 (sub f.); x. 8 (l. 35).

Time compared to a river, iv. 43.

Time, infinity of, iv. 3 (l. 35), 50 (sub f.); v. 24; ix. 32; xii. 7, 32.

Tragedy, xi. 6.

Tranquillity of soul, iv. 3; vi. 11; vii. 68; viii. 28.

Ugly, the, ii. 1.

Unintelligible things, v. 10.

Universe, harmony of the, iv. 27, 45; v. 8 (l. 14).

Universe, intimate connection and co-operation of all things in the, one with another, ii. 3, 9; iv. 29; v. 8, 30; vi. 38, 42, 43; vii. 9, 19, 68 (sub f.); viii. 7; ix. 1; x. 1.

Universe, nothing that dies falls out of the, viii. 18, 50 (l. 13); x. 7 (l. 25).

Universe, nothing that happens is contrary to the nature of the, v. 8, 10 (sub f.); vi. 9, 58; viii. 5; xii. 26.

Unnecessary things, v. 45.

Unnecessary thoughts, words, and actions, iii. 4; iv. 24.

Vain professions, x. 16; xi. 15.

Virtue, vi. 17.

Virtue its own reward, v. 6; vii. 73; ix. 42 (l. 47); xi. 4.

Virtue, omnipotence of, iv. 16.

Virtue, pleasure in contemplating, vi. 48.

Whole, integrity of the, to be preserved, v. 8 (sub f.).

Whole, the. See Interests.

Wickedness has always existed, vii. 1.

Wickedness must exist in the world, viii. 15, 50; ix. 42; xi. 18 (par. ii); xii. 16.

Worst evil, the, ix. 2 (l. 9.)

Worth and importance, things of real, iv. 33 (sub f.); v. 10 (l. 16); vi. 16, 30 (l. 7), 47 (sub f.); vii. 20, 44, 46, 58, 66; viii. 2, 3, 5; ix. 6, 12; x. 8 (l. 27), 11; xii. 1, 27, 31, 33.

Wrong-doing cannot really harm any one, vii. 22; viii. 55; ix. 42 (l. 25); x. 13 (par. 1); xi. 18 (par. 7).

Wrong-doing injures the wrong-doer, iv. 26; ix. 4, 38; xi. 18 (par. 3).

Wrong-doing owing to ignorance, ii. 1, 13; vi. 27; vii. 22, 26, 62, 63; xi. 18 (par. 3); xii. 22.

Wrong-doing to be left where it is, vii. 29; ix. 20.

THE END.